Contrast the composition of the intracellular fluid with that of the extracellular fluid.Explain the importance of water in the body.Body Fluids and Fluid Compartmentsīy the end of this section, you will be able to: Understanding the ways in which the body maintains these critical balances is key to understanding good health. The interactions of various aqueous solutionsâsolutions in which water is the solventâare continuously monitored and adjusted by a large suite of interconnected feedback systems in your body. Water is the most ubiquitous substance in the chemical reactions of life. Because metabolism relies on reactions that are all interconnected, any disruption might affect multiple organs or even organ systems. Too much or too little of a single substance can disrupt your bodily functions. In the human body, the substances that participate in chemical reactions must remain within narrows ranges of concentration. Homeostasis, or the maintenance of constant conditions in the body, is a fundamental property of all living things. Identify the normal range of blood pH and name the conditions where one has a blood pH that is either too high or too low.Explain why bicarbonate must be conserved rather than reabsorbed in the kidney.Define buffer and discuss the role of buffers in the body. ![]() Identify the six ions most important to the function of the body.Define plasma osmolality and identify two ways in which plasma osmolality is maintained.Identify the bodyâs main fluid compartments.(credit: âEdwin Martinez1â/Wikimedia Commons)Īfter studying this chapter, you will be able to: An athlete must continuously replace the water and electrolytes lost in sweat. Figure 26.1 Venus Williams Perspiring on the Tennis Court The body has critically important mechanisms for balancing the intake and output of bodily fluids.
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